who drew a line down the middle of the strait, the US then pressured both sides into entering into a tacit agreement not to cross the median line. The median line was defined in 1955 by US Air Force General Benjamin O. In practice, a maritime border of control exists along the median line down the strait. Historically both the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) on Taiwan espoused a One-China Policy that considered the strait part of the exclusive economic zone of a single "China". Distributions of rivers in Taiwan and their annual sediment loads Median line The largest two are the Min and the Jiulong. Īll of Fujian Province's rivers except the Ting run into the Taiwan Strait. There is a major underwater bank 40–60 km (25–37 mi) north of the Penghu Islands. Within the strait lie the Penghu or the Pescadores, also controlled by the ROC. The first three are controlled by the People's Republic of China (PRC) the last two by the Republic Of China (ROC). The largest and most important islands off the coast of Fujian are Xiamen, Gulangyu, Pingtan (the "Haitan" of the IHO delineation), Kinmen, and Matsu. As such, there are many islands in the strait. It is almost entirely less than 150 m (490 ft 82 fathoms) deep, with a short ravine of that depth off the southwest coast of Taiwan. The entire strait is on Asia's continental shelf. On the West: From the mouth of Hanjiang River northeastward, along the coast of China, to position 25° 42′ N - 119° 36′ E. On the South: A line joining Eluan Cape northwestward, along the southern banks of Nanao Island, to the southeastern extremity of this island (23° 23′ 35″ N - 117° 07′ 15″ E) thence westward, along the southern coast of Nanao Island, to Changshan Head (23° 25′ 50″ N - 116° 56′ 25″ E), the western extremity of this island and thence a line joining Changshan Head westward to the mouth of the Hanjiang River (23° 27′ 30″ N - 116° 52′ E), on the coast of China (the common limit with the South China Sea, see 6.1). On the East: From Fugui Cape southward, along the western coast of Taiwan Island, to Eluan Cape (21° 53′ 45″ N - 120° 51′ 30″ E), the southern extremity of this island. On the North: A line joining the coast of China (25° 42′ N - 119° 36′ E) eastward to Xiang Cape (25° 40′ N - 119° 47′ 10″ E), the northern extremity of Haitan Island, and thence to Fugui Cape (25° 17′ 45″ N - 121° 32′ 30″ E), the northern extremity of Taiwan Island (the common limit with the East China Sea, see 7.3). It makes the Taiwan Strait a body of water between the East and South China Seas and delimits it: The draft for a new edition of the IHO's Limits of Oceans and Seas does precisely define the Taiwan Strait, classifying it as part of the North Pacific Ocean. The international agreement does not define the Taiwan Strait but places its waters within the South China Sea, whose northern limit runs from Cape Fugui (the northernmost point on Taiwan Island Fukikaku) to Niushan Island to the southernmost point of Pingtan Island and thence westward along the parallel 25° 24′ N. The Taiwan Strait is the body of water separating Fujian Province from Taiwan Island. Names įormer names of the Taiwan Strait include the Formosa Strait or Strait of Formosa, from a dated name for Taiwan the Strait of Fokien or Fujian, from the Chinese province forming the strait's western shore and the Black Ditch, a calque of the strait's name in Hokkien and Hakka. This position has drawn strong objections from the United States, Australia, France and Taiwan. As the People's Republic of China claims to enjoy "sovereignty, sovereign rights and jurisdiction over the Taiwan Strait" and regards the waterway as " internal territorial waters" instead of being international waters, this means that the Chinese government denies any foreign vessel having the freedom of navigation to cross the strait without Chinese official consent. The Taiwan Strait is itself a subject of an international dispute over its political status. The narrowest part is 130 km (81 mi 70 nmi) wide. The strait is part of the South China Sea and connects to the East China Sea to the north. The Taiwan Strait is a 180-kilometer (110 mi 97 nmi)-wide strait separating the island of Taiwan and continental Asia.
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